ARTICLE : Burma râh paduana thabypa liata Marapa hniehnôh thokhazy
Dr. Than Tun ta “Eima ngâ lein’awpa ta history eimâ chu”, a tah. Marapa eima nawh leizie pahno n’awpa ta kô 1800 rachhôh no tawhta eima thatih a chu heih tua suh vy.
1. Northern Arakan Hill Tracts cha Marapazy (Shindus) vâta papipa a vaw châ.
Mongyuh sawkhâ ta Beinô chavah hnawh nata achheipâh pahrâpa chiphozy cha Akyab District nata Chittagong Hill Tracts ta pachhaih ta bie a vaw hnei. Chittagong Hill Tracts avaona chhôh liata a ypa chipho hropazy (moh rei pha vei) cha Shindus, Shentoos nah ta vaw siehnao tyh ei ta, ama hneipazy hrao ei ta, ama luh tai ei ta, chyhsa hlupi sei ta amâ chhi tyh. Chittagong nata Akyab District biehneituhpazy ama thlalôh thei leipa ta, amâ tymâ ngâsâ tyh.
Lieut. T. Latter, Arakan Battalion ta Shindus zy patypamâna thatih 1846 ta Arakan Records lia â vaw luahkhei tuachai. Akyab District nata Chittagong Hill Tracts liata biehneituhpa Liet. A.P. Phyare, Hopkison, Fytche, Lewin nata mo hropazy ta amâ vaw tymâkhei pathu kaw.
Shindus nah zy hnoh ta alôh zuana pakhâpa ta, reipasao ta aparyh awpa vaw reih tua ei ta, châhrasala hlaotloh thei awpa ta pahno vei ei. Shindus beipazy kô chareih takâ pie tyhpa ta, ama chyhsazy pheisaih lia hlao hneipa rai pahriasa awpa pachâna reipahmaoh heih ei ta, he chhao hlaotloh thei awpa hnabei seih heih vei ei.
Achhâna liata cha Shindus nah zy nata â hnia chaipa liata biehneituhpa Superintendent a tyuh sa la, puli (police) zy so awpa he apha chai awpa ta ama paryh. He chhao ta hlaotloh vei khiah lâpi hropa y khao leipa ta, Shindus nah kyh he pachâ khao lei ta, tlâ hny awpa apha chai aw, ama tah.
Dalekmai (Daletmay) liata Biehneituhpa atyuh sa la, cha biehneituhpa cha “Superintendent of the Hill Tribes in Northern Arakan” tahpa a châ aw. He bie (Recommendation) he Mongyuh biehneina Supipa India (Government of India) ta 1862 liata thlai apyh ta, Arakan Puli ( Arakan Police) biehneina chhao a vaw pakawh ha hra. (Under Police Act V of 1861). The Hill Tracts of Northern Arakan, cha tawhta Northern Arakan Hill Tracts, Arakan Hill Tracts tahpa a vaw pih haw. Chittangong nata Akyab District likaw a biehneina râri chhao sianô kawpa ta ama vaw tao.
“Superintendent of the Hill Tribes of Northern Arakan cha Shindus zy hnoh ta Puli (police) zy nata biehneina hmâpa ta thachahra ta raihria leipa aw ta, Shindus beizy, ama chyhsazy nata achhohia phana lâpi tlua aw ta, hmosai piepazy piepa ta sy aw ta, headquarters yna su nata sôdaoh lâ zy Shindus beizy nata achyhsazy hruapa ta a viasa phana tluapa ta, biehneina chhôh chipho zy lâ hrâ ama vaw siehnao khao lei awpa ta a tei aw” tahpa pawlisi chhao ta biehneina ama pie. Dalekmai tawhta Mryautaung ( Paletwa mathi) lâ ta Superintendent Headquarters pasiepa a vaw châ heih.
January 1, 1876 ta Northern Arakan Hill Tracts liata Police ypazie 250 châ ta, su 6 a rua. He liata Europeans-3, Khayoungtha- 9, Khamie- 50, Khyeng – 5, Mro- 12, Manipuri- 32, Burmese- 4, Rajbansi- 25, Arakanese- 22, Madrassis- 3, Bengalis – 4, Goorkhas and Tipperah – 81 zy ama châ.
Police zy ta râh chahlô tyh ei ta, Shindus chariah ama vaih. Superintendent ta Shindus beizy nata a chyhsazy hrua tyh ta, alôh zy, dawkhoh zy, chiamie zy hmosaipa piepa ta aryhna a tei tyh hra.
Shindus chariah padia awpa cha Northern Arakan Hill Tracts papina chhâ chaipa a châ. Northern Arakan Hill Tracts vaw yna chhâ chaipa cha Shindus chariah nata aryhna tao awpa a cha. He lia Shindus tahpa chipho reih mochho hluhpi zy palâsapa châ ta, Mara reih tlai he a châ. Chavâta he liata Shindus ama tahpa cha chipho hropa châ leipa ta, Marapa tlai he a vaw châ. Marapa vata Northern Arakan Hill Tracts biehneina a vaw pih.
2. Paletwa Bia Chin State lâ ta abaina kyh liata Marapa eimâ hlao hra.
1947 Pinlong Agreement hawhta Burma râh Thotlâhpa liata a pahrâpazy khotlyna pasia awpa ta Mongyuh sawkha ta Frontier Areas Committee of Enquiry-1947 (FACE) a padua. Northern Arakan Hill Tracts liata a pahrâpa chyhsa zy khotlyna chhao pasiapa a vaw châ hra. Northern Arakan Hill Tracts liata a pahrâpa Khumi nata Lakher (Mara) vyutuapazy cha:
1. Htat Ling
2. Tung Aung
3. Htin Kon
4. Pat Wei
5. Theitu (Thytu) zy ama châ. Reipalietuhpa: Tha Aung
Khumi chyhsazy ta Haka tlyma, Kanpalet tlyma Chin Division lâ abai awpa amâ tlyh. Lakher zaw kheih ta? tahpa hiahri ta, Puhpa Thytu ta “Chin State lâ eimâ bai khoh” a tah hra.
Burma khotalaina (Independent) a vaw hnei nah ta, he FACE Report hawhta Arakan Hill Tracts biehneina chhôh liata Paletwa cha Chin Division lâ ta baipa a vaw châ haw.
Ngiatlâh pha kawpa miakha cha Puhpa Thytu kha Marapa liata Krizyh hmiatuachaipa a vaw châ.
Kô 60 hlei pheisaih ryureina ta a chhihtha khai ha tawh Myanmar cha Demawkarasi chhihthana ta râh padua ta duahmo paryh ngâhaina daihti a châ. Miah pathlatuhpa Nôpawzy hniehnôh pazipa ta, Myanmar nata Mara râh padua pathina raihria lia Mara Vyutuapazy miah a paduapa awpa ta, Marasaw chanô chapaw, hawti machâ, alai achyh eima Paw Khazohpa lâ Thlahchhâna ta tei chyu suh vy!
Khazohpa vâta Marapa vaw nawraih tiarâh ma pi.
M. Vahnei
*** Biehnawh, Châropa, Châbu atlychakapa (References), Footnotes, âki chochâ kawpa ta “ PALETWA TOWNSHIP HE RAKHINE RÂH MA; CHIN RÂH?” tahpa a vaw pua awpa Pawsaih Journal lia rei theipa a châ aw.
1. Northern Arakan Hill Tracts cha Marapazy (Shindus) vâta papipa a vaw châ.
Mongyuh sawkhâ ta Beinô chavah hnawh nata achheipâh pahrâpa chiphozy cha Akyab District nata Chittagong Hill Tracts ta pachhaih ta bie a vaw hnei. Chittagong Hill Tracts avaona chhôh liata a ypa chipho hropazy (moh rei pha vei) cha Shindus, Shentoos nah ta vaw siehnao tyh ei ta, ama hneipazy hrao ei ta, ama luh tai ei ta, chyhsa hlupi sei ta amâ chhi tyh. Chittagong nata Akyab District biehneituhpazy ama thlalôh thei leipa ta, amâ tymâ ngâsâ tyh.
Lieut. T. Latter, Arakan Battalion ta Shindus zy patypamâna thatih 1846 ta Arakan Records lia â vaw luahkhei tuachai. Akyab District nata Chittagong Hill Tracts liata biehneituhpa Liet. A.P. Phyare, Hopkison, Fytche, Lewin nata mo hropazy ta amâ vaw tymâkhei pathu kaw.
Shindus nah zy hnoh ta alôh zuana pakhâpa ta, reipasao ta aparyh awpa vaw reih tua ei ta, châhrasala hlaotloh thei awpa ta pahno vei ei. Shindus beipazy kô chareih takâ pie tyhpa ta, ama chyhsazy pheisaih lia hlao hneipa rai pahriasa awpa pachâna reipahmaoh heih ei ta, he chhao hlaotloh thei awpa hnabei seih heih vei ei.
Achhâna liata cha Shindus nah zy nata â hnia chaipa liata biehneituhpa Superintendent a tyuh sa la, puli (police) zy so awpa he apha chai awpa ta ama paryh. He chhao ta hlaotloh vei khiah lâpi hropa y khao leipa ta, Shindus nah kyh he pachâ khao lei ta, tlâ hny awpa apha chai aw, ama tah.
Dalekmai (Daletmay) liata Biehneituhpa atyuh sa la, cha biehneituhpa cha “Superintendent of the Hill Tribes in Northern Arakan” tahpa a châ aw. He bie (Recommendation) he Mongyuh biehneina Supipa India (Government of India) ta 1862 liata thlai apyh ta, Arakan Puli ( Arakan Police) biehneina chhao a vaw pakawh ha hra. (Under Police Act V of 1861). The Hill Tracts of Northern Arakan, cha tawhta Northern Arakan Hill Tracts, Arakan Hill Tracts tahpa a vaw pih haw. Chittangong nata Akyab District likaw a biehneina râri chhao sianô kawpa ta ama vaw tao.
“Superintendent of the Hill Tribes of Northern Arakan cha Shindus zy hnoh ta Puli (police) zy nata biehneina hmâpa ta thachahra ta raihria leipa aw ta, Shindus beizy, ama chyhsazy nata achhohia phana lâpi tlua aw ta, hmosai piepazy piepa ta sy aw ta, headquarters yna su nata sôdaoh lâ zy Shindus beizy nata achyhsazy hruapa ta a viasa phana tluapa ta, biehneina chhôh chipho zy lâ hrâ ama vaw siehnao khao lei awpa ta a tei aw” tahpa pawlisi chhao ta biehneina ama pie. Dalekmai tawhta Mryautaung ( Paletwa mathi) lâ ta Superintendent Headquarters pasiepa a vaw châ heih.
January 1, 1876 ta Northern Arakan Hill Tracts liata Police ypazie 250 châ ta, su 6 a rua. He liata Europeans-3, Khayoungtha- 9, Khamie- 50, Khyeng – 5, Mro- 12, Manipuri- 32, Burmese- 4, Rajbansi- 25, Arakanese- 22, Madrassis- 3, Bengalis – 4, Goorkhas and Tipperah – 81 zy ama châ.
Police zy ta râh chahlô tyh ei ta, Shindus chariah ama vaih. Superintendent ta Shindus beizy nata a chyhsazy hrua tyh ta, alôh zy, dawkhoh zy, chiamie zy hmosaipa piepa ta aryhna a tei tyh hra.
Shindus chariah padia awpa cha Northern Arakan Hill Tracts papina chhâ chaipa a châ. Northern Arakan Hill Tracts vaw yna chhâ chaipa cha Shindus chariah nata aryhna tao awpa a cha. He lia Shindus tahpa chipho reih mochho hluhpi zy palâsapa châ ta, Mara reih tlai he a châ. Chavâta he liata Shindus ama tahpa cha chipho hropa châ leipa ta, Marapa tlai he a vaw châ. Marapa vata Northern Arakan Hill Tracts biehneina a vaw pih.
2. Paletwa Bia Chin State lâ ta abaina kyh liata Marapa eimâ hlao hra.
1947 Pinlong Agreement hawhta Burma râh Thotlâhpa liata a pahrâpazy khotlyna pasia awpa ta Mongyuh sawkha ta Frontier Areas Committee of Enquiry-1947 (FACE) a padua. Northern Arakan Hill Tracts liata a pahrâpa chyhsa zy khotlyna chhao pasiapa a vaw châ hra. Northern Arakan Hill Tracts liata a pahrâpa Khumi nata Lakher (Mara) vyutuapazy cha:
1. Htat Ling
2. Tung Aung
3. Htin Kon
4. Pat Wei
5. Theitu (Thytu) zy ama châ. Reipalietuhpa: Tha Aung
Khumi chyhsazy ta Haka tlyma, Kanpalet tlyma Chin Division lâ abai awpa amâ tlyh. Lakher zaw kheih ta? tahpa hiahri ta, Puhpa Thytu ta “Chin State lâ eimâ bai khoh” a tah hra.
Burma khotalaina (Independent) a vaw hnei nah ta, he FACE Report hawhta Arakan Hill Tracts biehneina chhôh liata Paletwa cha Chin Division lâ ta baipa a vaw châ haw.
Ngiatlâh pha kawpa miakha cha Puhpa Thytu kha Marapa liata Krizyh hmiatuachaipa a vaw châ.
Kô 60 hlei pheisaih ryureina ta a chhihtha khai ha tawh Myanmar cha Demawkarasi chhihthana ta râh padua ta duahmo paryh ngâhaina daihti a châ. Miah pathlatuhpa Nôpawzy hniehnôh pazipa ta, Myanmar nata Mara râh padua pathina raihria lia Mara Vyutuapazy miah a paduapa awpa ta, Marasaw chanô chapaw, hawti machâ, alai achyh eima Paw Khazohpa lâ Thlahchhâna ta tei chyu suh vy!
Khazohpa vâta Marapa vaw nawraih tiarâh ma pi.
M. Vahnei
*** Biehnawh, Châropa, Châbu atlychakapa (References), Footnotes, âki chochâ kawpa ta “ PALETWA TOWNSHIP HE RAKHINE RÂH MA; CHIN RÂH?” tahpa a vaw pua awpa Pawsaih Journal lia rei theipa a châ aw.
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