Châpaw : Uniform Civil Code' (UCC) he khâpa ma a châ rai tly?

India Maw-nochhi State zy nata, India râh liata zyhna py nano nanopazy ta ama kholeina aoreih ama papuathlu haipa, Sawhkhâ kôpipa ta atakô 2023 Sao Atyupakhyna (Monsoon Session) liata a phaw awpa, 'Uniform Civil Code' he khâpa ma a châ rai tly? Atlâhpipa ta vaw palâsa tua rai sih y.

Uniform Civil Code ta â chhuah chaipa cha, India râh liata zyhna nano nanopazy ta amâ hly awpa dâh miakhapa - nôpi nôvah ahneina kyh, achhaihna kyh, ryutona kyh, saw nata nawh alana kyh zy liata zyhna nano nanopazy ta amâ hly awpa dâh miakha taopa he châ ta. He UCC he India dâhpipa liata Article 44 ry liata bie a y chiehpa - "Sawhkhâ ta India chyhsazy châta India râh zydua liata dâh a lyuchopa (UCC) a y theina awpa ta hmah a la aw," tahpa zipa ta tao awpa a châ.

He hmo he India râh politics tlyliah ryureina liata kô za chhôh daihmâ cha reipa nata, a eichhiapa a vaw châ zôzaw hapa châ ta. India râh liata ryureih haipa BJP châta chhochhi cha ama pachâ peimawh chaipa hry liatahpa, Parliament liata apyh awpa ta khâ ama vaw tei tyhpa a châ. BJP he Party hryta ama sawhkhâ khiahta la 'UCC he hlao eima patloh aw,' tahtuhpa hmiatua chaipa châ ei ta; kô 2019 Atlyhna liana chhochhi khata cha 'manifesto' ta ama hmâh.

ARTICLE 44 HE KHAZIA A PEIMAWH

India dâhpipa liata, 'Directive Principles' liata Article 44 ta â chhuah chaipa cha, chipho chyhpa/dadieh viapa pathluana/mopananona pahlei awpa nata, India râh do nata hâ liata phoryhpa (Culture) alyucho tlâ leipa chiphozy padyhryhsa awpa cha a châ. Dr. B R Ambedkar chata, India Dâhpipa (Constitution) ama phorâ nota hetana heta reih ta,

"UCC he hmo kho a chhihpa cha a châ, atahmâ duasu liata deikua khotlyna/sasyh paryhsana liata â pahnieh chy ta, dâhpipa ro haipa liata 'Article 35' he 'Directive Principles of the State Policy' liata pahlaopa ta, India Dâhpipa liata Article 44 liata Bo IV liata sopa a châ. India phopi, India râh zawpi ta he dâh hmâh awpa ta amâ chhuahnoh/amâ mâ liahsa tita he dâh, UCC he hmâ awpa ta pachhuahpanohpa a châ aw, a ta.

Ambedkar heta Dâhpipa Taotuhpa apahmaohna (Constituent Assembly) liata, "Sawhkhâ/State heta biehneina a hnei khiahta la, he dâh he ahy asaohiah leipa ta tapôh miah hmâthlu aw tahpa china ahy hmahta hnei lei awpa…cha hawhpa ta tapôh biehneina a hmâthlupa cha Muslim tlyma krizyhpa zyhna hropa tlyma châta a pyh a ru kaw thei aw. Cha hawhta a tao khiahta cha cha sawhkhâ cha sawhkhâ hrupa/nôchhiepa a châ tahna a châ aw." a ta.

UCC ATHAOTÔNA

UCC kyh he British ta India â vaona daihti tawhna syulyu khata vaw paro pathao ha ta. Kha daihti nota British sawhkhâ khata kô 1835 liana khata - peihriana (crimes), pasiana (evidence) nata bietaina/biehraina (He he 'contracts' â tah ta, lahpi lahvia châta a pahawhna chhao a dy thei thlyu na) kyh liata India dâh nata phôh a ypazy cha â lyucho khai awpa â ngiahzie athata ama Report liata ama vaw roh; he nona heta he alyuchopa tahpa liana heta Hindu tlyma, Muslim zy dâh nata phôh deikua a hlao leipa ta ama tah hra.

British ryureina chhâ chy lâchhâh khata Hindu dâh nata phôh kyh liata mopakha likah biebua hlabua kyh liata dâh tao awpa ta ahnawna a y hoh kawpa vâta B N Rau Committee paduapa châ ta, kha khata kô 1941 khata Hindu dâh cha yzie hneipa ta ama vaw tao hapa a châ. He Hindu Law Committee ta ama buakhei chaipa cha Hindu dâh nata phôh alyuchopa tao awpa kha a châ. He heta Hindu zyhna châbu zipa ta Hindu dâh nata phôh - ahneina kyh, ryutona kyh nata, biebua hlabua paryhna kyh liata dâh nata phôh alyuchopa yzie hnei viapa ta ama vaw tao hapa a châ.

'HINDU CODE BILL' KHÂPA MAW?

India dâhpipa hmâ pathaopa a châ lichih khata 'Rau Committee report' cha B R Ambedkar chhihthana ry liata he kyh buakhei awpa ta paduapa ku liata kô 1951 khata pangiapa châ ta. Dâh lâta pachâsa awpa ta reipahmaohpa a châ nota, 'Hindu Code Bill' he a daihti a khô hapa vâta yzie hnei leipa lâ pua (lapsed) ha ta, kô 1952 liana khata ama pangia pathi heih. He bill he kô 1956 liata 'Hindu Succession Act' tahpa ta hmâpa a châ hapa a châ. Hindu, Buddhists, Jains, nata Sikhs zy châta ryutona kyh liata dâh nata phôh alyuchopa (UCC) ama tao ha tahna a châ. 

CIVIL LAW NATA CRIMINAL LAW ALYULEINA

Peihriana kyh liata hriena dâh nata phôh (Criminal Law) he cha India râh liata a lyucho khai ha ta, kheihawhpa chipho ama châpa chhao, kheihawhpa zyhna a zipa ama châpa chhao, â lyucho khai. He hawhta a châ nota deikua Civil Law he cha ngiapâna (faith) eima tah ma, zyhna (religion) zipa ta taopa a châ khoh kaw. Criminal law he cha India dâhpipa zipa ta taopa châ tyh ta, Civil Law deikua zyhna châbu/bie zipa ta taopa a châ tyhpa vâta kha zyhna zituhpazy chyu khata ama zyhna chhôh liata dâh nata phôh alyuchopa (personal law) lâta ama papua ha tyh.

PERSONAL LAW CHA KHÂPA MAW?

Kheihawhpa sahlao, Phu, Chipho Phu nata zyhna ama zipa miakha sahlaopazy ta ama chipho dâh nata phôh eihhrâhpa tawhta tlyma, ama zyhna bie tawhta tlyma dâh nata phôh ama zyhpa he 'Personal law' ama tahpa cha a châ. Hindu nata Muslim zy 'Personal Law' thabypa cha ama zyhna ahniahnipa châbu bie zy tawhta lapazy ama châ.

Hindu zyhna zituhpazy dâh nata phôh (personal law) liata cha ryutona kyh, chhôhkha biehneina a hlâpachhuahna kyh, ahneina, saw alana, nôvahta saw mohôhna kyh, sawchapawzy ta Pawzy leibâh thôpa awpa kyh, chhôhkha manôh likah liata ryu a rairuahna kyh, mohôhna kyh, mohôhtuhpa châna kyh nata baona piena kyh zy y ta. Muslim liata cha ryutona kyh, ryuhina kyh, ahneina kyh, wakfs, thyukheipa kyh, mohôhtuhpa châna kyh, achhaihna kyh, hmosaipiepa kyh zy y hra ta, he he ama châbu pathaihpa Quran tawhta lapa sai a châ hra.

UNIFORM CIVIL CODE CHATA KHÂPA A TAO AW?

Ama reizie liata cha, UCC ta â chhuahpa cha chipho chyhnawh viapa nata dadieh viapa tlyma Phu/sahlao chyh viapa (chanôzy nata zyhna zituhpa chyh viapazy a hlaopa ta) pabohsapa ta - dâh nata phôh alyuchopa/miakhapa hmâpa ta India apôhkhana tao awpa tahpa a châ taraw. He UCC he dâh hawhta hmâpa a châ tita cha zyhna zipa ta dâh nata phôh taopa alyulei kaw saipa - Hindu code bill, Shariat law, nata a hropazy cha dâh alyuchopa sai ta a taopathi khai ha aw, ama ta. UCC heta India râh liata chipho nano nanopa/zyhna py nano nanopa zy ta - Ryutona kyh, Ahneina kyh etc liata dâh ama hneipazy cha taopathipa ta, India cha Dâh miakha, alyuchopa ry liata eima y khai ha bâ aw, ama ta. 

HIAHRIHNA A Y THEIPA :

1. Ahmiatua chai ta, he Dâh nata phôh heta India a pahniehna lôbô - chipho, zyhna nano nanopazy, ama chipho taozie, zyhna apyhzie zydua palaiseihsa chyupa ta, amâ lyucholeina zy cha India Dâhpipa ry liata pabohsapa ta ypa ta, India apôhkhana châta hriakhoh chyu awpa, alyucholeina hryta apôhkhana (Unity in Diversity) a chakhiah ma?

2. He UCC he vaw hmâh hapa châ ei sala, India maluh 80% ta ama zipa, Hindu Law he ma tlâ ama siekhei chai vei? Hindu Rashtra athaotôna a châ thei ma?

3. He UCC heta Sixth Scheduled nata Article 371G liata a eihhrâhpa ta pabohsapa eima châna nata, eima chipho taozie eima siekhei theina ryureina eima hneipa he miah phiepa awpa ma?