Mara cha athaokeina

- Eli Paw

Marâ châ â vaw thaona tlyma a vaw puana kyh lâchhâh ta ropa ei hnei hluh kaw leipa chhao ta, ei hmôpa nata theipa rakha liata a duahpa ta Marâ châ a thaokeina thâtih he ei vaw roh. Marâ châ a vaw puana kyh he roh chyupa châ ta, aly â chhih kaw. Anodeikua, pahnopasia awpa a byuh lymâ chypa ta ei pahno. He kyh nata a zaopa ta Research a taotuhpa ahyzy ta tlyma vaw roh via laih heih aw ei ta, cha tita â do viapa nata a hmeiseih viapa eima pahno laih awpa a châ. Tahmâ ta ei ropa he hmo za châ theipa hry liata â duahpa ta rohpa a châ. Marâ châ avaw thaokeina kyh he NE. Parry ta ano pahnona rakha liata â duahpa ta a palâsa (NE Parry, The Lakhers;1932, pp.510-512).

Parry rohpa tawhta Marâ châ thaokeina eima hmôpa cha ary liata palâsapa hawhna heta reihpasia â chhuah tua ei suh u:

1).    Patuapaluana sâkhana (First Hypothesis): Cpt. SR. Tickell nata Capt. Lewin taopa ta apyna, “The first record of the language was made by Capt. SR. Tickell who in 1852 drew up a short vocabulary”, tahpa ta Parry ta roh ta. Parry hmâpa cha Capt. SR. Tickell châbu, “Notes on the Heuma or Shendoos; A tribe inhabiting the hills north of Arracan”, a châ. He he ta a palâsapa cha Tickell 1800 rachhôh liata atahmâ ta Rakhine State (Arakan Hills) zydua tawhta hmo yzie a chupa ta avaw reipapuapa a châpa ta â ngia. Ano heta (Shendus) tlyma Heima zy châta châ a taopa ta â ngia. Cha cha Parry ta, “Tickell ta Marâ châ a tao e”, tahpa ta a ropa a châ. He nata alyupa Parry bie lana heihpa cha Capt. Lewin châbu, “The Hill Tracts of Chittagong and the Dwellers therein”, tahpa châ ta, Parry ta he hawhta a reih, “Lewin ta chhao Shendu reih a lâluah viapa a vaw roh hra”. Bangladesh râh Chittagong kiah liata a ypazy kyh a reina liata Shendus zy kyh chhao pahlaopa ta a reipa a châ. Chavâta eima pahno theipa sâkha cha, Burm râh lâ liata pahrâpa Shendu zy reih chôchâh rei â chhuahna chhao a châ thei.

Reipasiana: He mopano penawh reipa Marâ châ he atahmâ ta eima hmâ haipa Marâ châ a châ nahta pangiasa â chhih vei. Marâpa vyuhpa ta Shendu tahpa hawrawh ama hmâpa vâta a châ. Chavâta he nah pano hmo reipa he atahmâ ta châ eima hneipa nahta azaona y vei tah theipa a châ.

2).    Patuapaluana sânona (Second Hypothesis): “India râh Lunglei bia liata a ypa Baptist Missionary ta Marâ châ he a tao” tahpa a châ heih. He he NE Parry chhao ta he hawhta roh ta, “Kô 1908 pa liana khata Rev, FW Savidge Lôlei liata Missionary rai a hria haipa ta Grammar nata Dictionary ama reih ta avaw tao pathaopa a châ….”, he he â do tlai tahpa ta Samaw.com liata chhao Marâ châbu chôkyh palâsapa a châ hra. Cha FW Savidge Marâ châ Alphabet zy cha he hawhta Parry ta ary liata palâsapa hawhna heta a roh-

A Aw D F I L Ng P T Â B A H J M O R U Z zy he a châ. Cha liata Consonant zy cha – B Ch D F H J K L M N Ng P R S T V Z zy a châ. Vowel zy cha- a â aw e ê i o ô u û zy châ ta, vowel 12 a y. A zydua ta pahlyhpa ta Marâ hawrawh cha 29 a y. Parry chhopasiana hawh ta cha, ‘ng’ he khei hawhpa liata tlyma ao pachhâna liata a hmâh. Pamosana ta, 1). Setongpa=A Bull Mithun  2). Mitongpa=A billy goat

Reipasiana: Rev. Savidge he ta Tickell nata Lewin zy taopa châ tawhta a lapachhuahpa a châpa ta a zâ ngia vei. Ano-eih tlaita a taopa a châ nahta pangiasa â chhih. A chhâpa cha khi chyhsa pano penawh khi Arakan lâ tawhta tlyma, Chittagong lâ tawhta tlyma Shendu kyh a reihpazy châ ei ta, Rev. Savidge he Mawrâh kiapâh liata a ypa Lakher tahpa ta pahnopazy châ a taotuhpa a châ. Anodeikua, ano taopa Marâ châ he a khinarâh pakawh n’awpa a hnei leipa vâta ano taopa cheingei he hmâpa châ vei tah thei’pa a châ. Ano ta marâ châ ta a taopa châbu a y leipa vâta a châ.

3).    Patuapaluana sâthôhna (Third Hypothesis): Lorrain taopa ta a châ tahpa ta a pyna: Parry ta he hawhta a reih heih, “Mr. Lorrain heta ei pahnona dâh ta, Lakher Grammar nata Dictionary pachhuahpanoh ta, anodeikua a papua mâh leipa ta ei pahno. Ano tlai ta marâ châ tao ta, cha zy cha a châbu thokha liata a hmâh pâ hra”, a tah. Lorrain tlai ta a rohpa Five Years in unknown Jungle tahpa châbu 367-na liata, “Lakher reih, pamosana tlyma yzie siapa a hnei leipa cha, châ rona liata hmâ thei awpa ta taopa a châ”, a vaw tah hra. Parry ta a palâsapa Lorrain Alphabet zy cha: A B E K N Ô S V Yu Aw Ch H L Ng F T Z Y D I M O R U Ao, he liata Consonant zy cha 15 za y ta, vowel 9 a za y hra. Chatanachata Lorrain taopa Marâ châ hawrawh zydua cha 24 a châ.

Reipasiana: Rev. RA. Lorrain ta a taopa Marâ châ (Alphabet) he ano ta a papuapa châbu zydua liata nata Biehrai nata châbu liata hmâpa a châ. “Mara Grammar nata Dictionary” chhao a papua hra tahpa ta Parry ta a reih. Atanoh ta eima hmâ haipa Marâ châ cha Lorrain taopa tlai he a châ.

Pachhâna: Parry he marâpa châta aly tlâh awpa chyhsa a châ. Ano ta a palâsapa Tickell nata Lewin zy ta Shendus châ ama taopa chhao he â lâ leipa ta Historical Facts sâkha hawhta a py awpa a châ. Ama taopa Shendu châ ema hmô tua leipa ta khei hawhpa hema ama tao tahpa pahno theipa a châ leipa hleikhô ta aduana tlâh chhao châ hra vei. Rev. Savidge heta Marâ châ tao tlai ta, Grammar chhao a vaw tao hra na tahpa â lâna cha Parry ta Savidge taopa Marâ hawrawh he ano châbu liata a hmâh lymâ hra. Lorrain chhao ano-eihpa Marâ Alphabet zy tao hra ta, Biehrai nata Hlabu a chakaona liata ano taopa marâ châ ta a roh lymâ. Atanoh taihta ano taopa Marâ châ he eima hmâpazi lymâpa a châ.

A chô liata palâsapa tawhna heta Marâ châ he mopakha deita taopa châ vei tahpa a sia haw. Keimo nata keimo ta eima châ a chu via lymâpa ta, roh thaipa ta, khâsia ta, palaiseihsa ta, a pachu pachhuah lymâ awpa he Marâpa ahyrai ta eima tao hialia awpa aza châpa a châ.